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Effectiveness of the Elkonin Boxes method on improving phonological awareness and reading skills in children with Down syndrome.
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Mahdi Abdollahzadeh Rafi1    , Zahra Sayadian *1 |
| 1- Malayer University |
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Abstract: (56 Views) |
Objective: This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of the Elkonin Boxes method on improving phonological awareness and reading skills in children with Down syndrome.
Method: A quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test and a control group was employed. The statistical population comprised all children with Down syndrome in Tehran in 2025. A convenience sample was randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The instruments included the Soleimani and Dastjerdi Phonological Awareness Test (2005) and the Shirazi and Nili pour Reading Diagnostic Test (2004). The experimental group received six training sessions using the Elkonin Boxes method, while the control group received no intervention. Data were analyzed using Fisher’s exact test and independent-samples t-test in SPSS.
Results: The results showed that the Elkonin Boxes method significantly improved phonological awareness in children with Down syndrome (p = 0.001). However, no significant differences were found between groups in reading skills, including speed, accuracy, and comprehension (p > 0.001).
Conclusion: The findings indicate that the Elkonin Boxes method is effective for enhancing phonological awareness in children with Down syndrome. Nevertheless, it is not sufficient by itself to improve reading skills. Combining this method with other instructional approaches, such as whole-language techniques, may lead to more practical and sustainable outcomes.
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Article number: 4 |
| Keywords: phonological awareness, Elkonin Boxes, reading skills, Down syndrome |
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Full-Text [PDF 405 kb]
(81 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2025/09/21 | Accepted: 2026/02/5 | Published: 2026/03/16
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