Objective: Lead is a highly used metal, with persistent neurotoxic effects. Lead pollution is one of the major health problems in the large industrial cities, particularly in developing countries. In children, absorption and retention of lead in the body are more than the adults and therefore the damage caused by lead contamination in children is more than adults. Effects of lead on the incidence of behavioral disorders and learning disabilities are subject that is studied in this paper. Methods: Explaining some of the characteristics of lead and ways to lead pollution and the damage mechanisms in the central nervous system effects of lead and explain some ways to prevent lead pollution are the issues considered in this paper. Conclusion:  Contamination with low levels of lead can lead to creation irreversible harms in brain of children. Behavioral disorders and learning disabilities are common side effects of lead contamination in children. Lead poisoning is a preventable poisoning and exposure to lead is the main way to prevent.